Historical development of roll forming process

Rolling (metalworking)
In metalworking, roll forming is a metal forming process in which a metal blank is passed through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce thickness, to make thickness uniform, and/or to impart desired mechanical properties. The concept is similar to rolling out dough. Rolling is classified according to the temperature of the metal being rolled. If the temperature of the metal is higher than its recrystallization temperature, the process is called hot rolling. If the temperature of the metal is below its recrystallization temperature, the process is called cold rolling. In terms of use, the hot rolling process has more tonnage than any other manufacturing process, while the cold rolling process has the most tonnage of all cold working processes. The roll frames supporting the pairs of rolls are combined into rolling mills, which quickly process metals (usual steel) into structural steels (I-beams, angles, channels), bars, and rails. Most steel plants have rolling mills to process semi-finished castings into finished products. There are many kinds of rolling processes, including ring rolling, roll bending, roll forming, profile rolling and control rolling.
Historical development of rolling process
In Europe, the invention of the rolling mill may be attributed to Leonardo Da Vinci's paintings of the earliest rolling mills, in their primitive form but based on the same principles, found in the Middle East and South Asia as early as 600 BC. The first rolling mill, the slitting mill, was introduced to England in 1590 from what is now Belgium. They passed flat steel bars between rolls, forming plates of iron, and then between slotted rolls (scutters) to produce iron bars The first experiments with rolled iron to make tinplate took place around 1670. In 1697, Major John Hanbury established a factory at Pontip to roll Pontip plate, black plate. Later, people began to roll the material up again and tinned it into tinplate. Early plate iron production in Europe was in forges, not in rolling mills.
Splay mills were adapted to produce hoops (barrels) and iron with semicircles or other means of sections, which were the subject of two patents circa 1679.
Some of the earliest documents on rolling mills date back to the Swedish engineer Christopher Polhem in his 1761 Patriotista Testament, He mentioned steel plate and bar rolling mills and he explained how the mill saves time and manpower because the mill can produce 10 to 20 or more bars at the same time.
In 1759, Thomas Blockley of England received a patent for metal polishing and rolling. In 1766, Richard Ford in England received a patent for the first tandem mill -- a tandem mill in which metal is rolled in a continuous stand; Ford's tandem mill is used for hot rolling wire.
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